Constructional material and method of making same



,July 1,19 30.- AQF SMR 1 769,63

CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL AND. METHOD OF MAKING SAMEP Original Filed July 28, 1922 Patented July 1, 1930 UNITED STATES ALBER'r'c. rrscnrmjor CHICAGO, rumors, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILIP CAREY MANU- .PA'TENT' OFFICE FACTURING COMPANY, CORPORATION OF OHIO CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL ANIl METHOD OF MAKING SAME My invention relates to a novel and improved constructional material and method of making same, and particularly pertains to a structure having a body of elastic and com- .pressible material re'enforced Witha surfacing means.

' The invention is typified by an expansion sion joints reinforcement has bee'n'placed upon the asphaltic body or strip either on one side or both sides of the asphaltic strip, or in the center.

One'of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved article and an improved method wherein the reinforcement for the Waterproofing material is imbedd-ed or formed in the superficial portion of the walls of the material during the formation of the stri A iiother object of my invention resides in applying fibrous material, preferably relatively long fibers to the sides of the preformed strip of waterproofingv material, which sides are made adherent so as to hold the fibers in position thereon.

My invention also comprises the step of pressing or imbedding these adherent fibers into the material forming the' superficial faces of the strip, whereby to provide an adequate reinforcing means for the strip to hold it in shape and for other purposes hereinafter mentioned.

Another object of my invention resides in roviding the strip itself and particularly or forming constructional material of various shapes and sizes.

My invention herein is particularly adapted to the formation of expansion joints and rail filler. 7

My invention relates particularly to coating the sides of the strip after being pressed into sheet form with varnish or other Water- I proofed adhesive binder, and by directing Original application filed July 28, 1922, Serial No. 578,177. Divided and this application filed August 15;

' Serial No. 213,193.

er will set to a waterproof film, havin either imbe-dded or on the surface of, said film the fibrousmaterial or fibers which have been directed against the sides of 'said joint.

The preferred method of preparing such a strip comprises extruding the bituminous waterproof mass or the'waterproofed mixture which is to constitute the body-of the strip, and while the strip is thus in a clean state applying or directing vegetable, animal or mineral fibers to the sides of the strip, then pressing said strip between rolls and pressing the fibers so directed against this side into the surface of the strip.

.When an asphaltic mass is extruded in an extrusion machine its surface is clean and the mastic exposed,and said-fibers may be readily directed against the surfaces thus exposed and'pressed into the surfaces, thus giving reinforcing value to the sides of the strip. Or, alternatively, the strip thus ex tended or pressed between suitablerolls for the purpose, may be varnished with any suiting means may be employed. As an example of the latter I coat a thin film of waterproof adhesive m'aterial'over the sides of the strip, and the fibers are then directed against and pressed into the surfaces.

I prefer to use asbestos fiber because it is a mineral material and will remain free from decay. However, any suitable fiber having length as distinguished .from granular material is suitable; the purpose being to apply the fiber either by shaking it through a screen so that it is applied on the surface, or the fiber, if light enough may be directed by a blast of air against'the sides of the strip. It is immaterial how the fiberis applied t0 the surfaces of the strip provided it is dis- It may be necessary to press the strip after- 13 a materials as disclosed 1n my Reissue Pat- The body of the expansion joint may be.

formed by using any waterproofed. binder and-uniting therewith fillers of various kinds. Forinstance, it may be a body composed of ent No. 16,554, and my Patent No. 1,591,968, patented July 18, 1926, and may be either a homogeneous mixture of fibers between waterproofed binder, or may consist of a homogeneous mixture of flake material and waterproofed binder, or" a combination of fiber and fiake material, or in fact it may be a plain bituminous mass or a plain waterproofed binder having sufficient body which when reinforced as outlined in this invention, .can be handled and Wlll function in a satisfactory manner as an expansion joint. Or the waterproof binder may contain any granular material or mineral filler. I do not wish to be limited to any specific composition of which the mainbody of the expansion joint is made.

When saturated felt sides have been utilized for expansion'joint the fibers are more or less broken down andhave not the'binding value which the fibers have according to my process and method of preparing the sidesof the joint.

It can readily be Understood that when a very strong and tough setting adhesive is used a very strong reinforcement "can be produced. These adhered and pressed in fibers act as a much better reinforcement than saturated felt does during. warm weather, and the fact that the fibers are longer and stronger greatly intensifies the strength of the sides. This is especially true of a varnish ora waterproofbinder, which does not soften in the warmer temperatures.

In the drawings, Fig ure 1 illustrates one manner of, forming my improved expansion joint, wherein the waterproofed'material is rolled into sheet form and has the fibers applied thereto on its upper and lower side.

Figure 2'is a similar diagrammatic view T showing the manner of preliminarily coating the sheet of waterproofing material with an adhesive film prior toapplying the fibers preferably by means of an air blast.

Figure 3is a view of'an end of an extruding machine, which constitutes an alternative means for forming the waterproofedmate terial into. sheet form.

Figure 4 is a view of a portion of a strip of the finished article formed by adhering the fibers to the tacky surface of the Waterproofing material before being set.

F gure 5 is a similar view showing how the fibers are adhered to an adhesive film with and which the waterproofing material is coated;

Figure 6 is still another view showing the manner of adhering the fibersto an adhesive film with which the waterproofing is coated, the fibers being then coated with another adhesive film.

In Figure -1 the waterproofing material 2 is passed between pressing rolls 4, which form it ifito sheet or strip form. This strip of formed material then passes between an upper fiber applying device 6, which drops the fibersupon the upper surface of the asphaltic sheet of'material, anda lower fiber applying wheel 8, which rotates adjacent and into a container of fibers and picks them up and-appliesthemto the under surface of the traveling sheetfthe waterproofing material with the fibers applied to its upper andlower surface then traveling between the pressing rolls 10, which presses the fibers into the adhesive surface of the sheet or strip of traveling material.

In Figure 2 of the drawing the waterproofing material is fed: between the rolls 12 and formed into sheets, thence passing between the coating rolls 14,-which coat the same with a suitable adhesive, such for instance as a suitable varnish that dries to a flexible waterprooffilm. The strip of material then passes between air blowing devices which blow the fibers upon the .upper and lower surfaces of the traveling strip, and thence it passes thru the pressing rolls 18, which press the fibers into the strip and into the adhesive film, and finally the strip thus formed passes between the coating rolls 20, which apply an additional or superficial coating of this drying adhesive, heretofore described in the specification.

It will, of course, be evident that instead of using a set of pressing rollsfor forming the waterproofing material into strip form I may use any other type of means, such for instance as an extruding machine 22, shown in Fig ure 3 of the drawings.

In Figure 4 of the proofing material; 2 is shown with the fibers 24 applied to the sides thereof.

In Figure 5 the waterproofing material 2 is shown as coated with an adhesive film 26, and the fibers 24 are adhered to this film.

In Figure 6 the second adhesive film 28 is shown as lying over the fibers 24, which are adhered to the inner adhesive film 26.

I do not wishtto be limited to the nature of the binder, just so the binder is waterproofed and preferably one that is moreor less elastic and does not become brittle.

\ purpose, or animal hair.

In some constructions it is also desirable to coat over the fibers after being impressed into the adhesive layer in order to properly waterdrawings the waterproofthem. In this manner the strength of the fibers is not interfered with because they are not penetrated and they have their own tensile strength, whereas if they are previous ly' treated With a degumming treatment mixed with a saturant the fiber will lose much of its binding strength;

Another disadvantage in preparing a saturated reinforcing felt side is that the fibers are disintegrated and comminuted. Furthermore, they are mostly cotton fibers and are readily saturated with the saturant. On the contrary, by my method I secure the advantage of the original strength of the fibers and prevent saturation, thus obtaining the full effect of their reinforcing value. A further advantage resides in the fact that I am able to use binders which are not suitable for roofing felt purposes or saturated felt, and in fact which would be too expensive, and therefore obtain'a much stronger reinforcing sheet. I likewise economize in preparing my reinforcement because I do not first have to manufacture and prepare reinforcing sheets and later apply them to the joint. My reinforcing medium is made up in processes and can therefore be effected more economically, and a much wider range of fibers can be employed, as Well as a much Wider range of binders.

I claim: I

1. As an article of manufacture a preformed strip composed of a waterproof binder of substantial thickness, said body having upon its outerfaces an adhesive film having linear fibers imbedded therein.

2. As an article of manufacture a preformed strip 'composed of a Waterproof binder of .substantial thickness, said body having upon its outer faces an having linear fibers pressed therein, and an adhesive coating film applied over the linear. fibers.

3. An expansion joint, the main body of which is of' substantial thickness comprising homogeneous mixture of water proof binder and fiber, having upon its outer face a film of waterproof adhesive having attached thereto linear fibers. A

4. An expansion joint, the main body of which is of substantial thickness comprising a homogeneous mixture of waterproof binder and fiber, having upon its outer face a film of Waterproof adhesive having linear fibers im-' pressed therein, and an adhesive coat-ing film applied over thelinear fibers.

5. A prepared expansion strip comprising a waterproof binder and a filler, said-strip having a film of waterproof adhesive on its outer surface and fibers of linear dimension imbedded therein, and'an adhesive coating film applied over the linear fibers.

'6. A prepared expansion'strip comprising a waterproof binder and a filler, said strip having a. film of waterproof, adhesive on its adhesive film expansion strip in which a waterproof binder is pressed into sheet form and before the surface has become set applying thereto fibers of linear dimension, and pressing said fibers into the surface of the strip.

8. The method of preparing a preformed expansion joint by preparing a body strip in sheet form, applying to the outer faces of said sheet before it has'time to set a Waterproof adhesive film, and applying to said film fibers of linear dimension.

9. The method of preparing preformed expansion joint by preparing a body strip in sheet form, applying to the outer faces of said sheet before it has time to set a Waterproof adhesive film, and applying thereto fibers of linear dimension and pressing said fibers into thesurface of the film.

10. The method of preparing a preformed expansion joint by preparing a body strip in sheet form, applying to the outer faces of said sheet before it has time to set a Waterproof adhesive film, and applying therto fibers of linear dimension, said film setting and tenaciously holding the fiber in its surv face.

11. The method of preparing an expansion joint by preparing a main body in sheet form, applying to the face of said sheet a waterproof adhesive binder, imbedding linear fibers in said adhesive binder, pressing the fibers therein, then coating over said fibers with another adhesive binder imbedding said fibers in the binder.

12. The method of making preformed constructional material characterized by form ing a waterproof body strip, applying fibers to the surface of the strip before same becomes set, and pressing the fibers into the surface of said strip.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 12th day of August, 1927.

. ALBERT C. FISCHER. 

